Original Article: https://blog.theanimalrescuesite.greatergood.com/urban-animals-heat/

Cities are bustling hubs of human activity. They are also home to a surprising array of wildlife directly impacted by that activity.

From raccoons to squirrels and even the occasional deer, urban areas can be teeming with animal life. However, a recent study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution reveals that the effects of urbanization on these wild creatures may be exacerbated by rising temperatures due to climate change.

The Urban Wildlife Paradox

Cities, with their concrete jungles and bustling streets, may not seem like ideal habitats for wildlife. Yet, many species have adapted to thrive in these environments. However, urbanization doesn’t affect all animals equally, Triple Pundit reports. Some species struggle to survive in the midst of human development, while others appear to adapt seamlessly.

The recent study delves into the impact of urbanization on wild mammals across 20 North American cities, including Chicago, Phoenix, and Tacoma. The researchers analyzed data collected through the Urban Wildlife Information Network, a project aimed at understanding urban biodiversity. They deployed wildlife cameras in 725 different sites, from highly urban sites near airports and freeways to less developed areas like parks and trails.

As the New York Times reports, during the summer months, the researchers identified 37 native mammal species, including raccoons, squirrels, rabbits, foxes, cougars, and deer. The results were clear: as urbanization increased, mammal diversity decreased. This finding is consistent with previous studies.

Urban Heat and Wildlife Survival

What makes this study particularly interesting is the correlation between urban heat and the decline in wildlife diversity. As another study in Nature affirms, in cities with warmer climates and less vegetation, the negative effects of urbanization on wildlife were more pronounced.

Cities, by their nature, tend to trap heat, creating urban heat islands that make them warmer than surrounding areas. This effect could pose significant challenges for wildlife, especially in cities already situated in warm climates.

Moreover, the presence of greenery in cities can significantly impact wildlife. Green cities tend to have more resourcs that can support life, providing not only food and habitat but also easier access to resources like water, Planet Home reports. This lush environment can support a more diverse range of animal species.

The Plight of Larger Animals

As posited in both the Nature study and another published in Ecosphere, larger-bodied animals, such as cougars and elk, are more negatively affected by urbanization than smaller ones. This may be due to the fact that larger animals require more space, and the fragmented habitats within cities may not provide sufficient room to roam. Larger animals in urban areas can also lead to conflicts and pose risks to both other animals and humans.

Hope for Coexistence

The study’s findings suggest potential solutions. As confirmed by the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, cities with hot, barren landscapes can mitigate the negative effects of urbanization on wildlife by incorporating green spaces, providing water sources, and creating safe havens where animals can escape the heat.

As our cities continue to grow and temperatures rise due to climate change, understanding the intricate relationship between urbanization, heat, and wildlife becomes increasingly critical. By recognizing the challenges urban animals face and taking steps to mitigate them, we can coexist with these creatures and contribute to the preservation of biodiversity in our urban landscapes.

Every effort counts to ensure that the heat of the city doesn’t become an insurmountable challenge for our fellow urban inhabitants.

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Source: The Animal Rescue Site Blog